to see the current dirctory
pwd
/home/sourav
ls
Desktop
(it's directory not file as it is in blue colour)
cd Desktop
ls
cd ..
to go one level up
(tab for command completion)
cat > a.txt
Hellow how are you?
ctrl + z
ls -a for showing files starting with .
in linux user home directories generally starts with .
man and info command shows info about commands
for example
man ls
press space for more(scroll down)
press b for scrol up
press q to quit
ls
a.txt
cp a.txt b.txt
ls
a.txt b.txt
up arrow for previous commands
move or
mv filename newfilename
to create directory use mkdir directory name
to delete directory use rmdir directory name
to delete a non-empty directory
rm -r directory name
ls -l for long listing
In info command you can search like to search in emacs editor
info ls
type ctrl + s
type long to search long word in the info document
ctrl + g to exit out of searching in the document
q to quit
ls -al combines 2 command
In man command you can search like to search in vi editor
type a slash(/)
and the prompt will change to / from :
type the search string such as long
now press n to find the next instance where the word "long" is present in the
man document
find any command contaning any particular word
example
man -k jpg
cd /
takes us to the toppest level directory
there type ls to know about linux directories
bin directory contains executable binary files
boot directory holds the files needed for booting
home is for users
opt directory is for optional softwares
root is root user's home directory
many people call the / directory the root directory
sbin directory holds executable binary files such as system tools(can be used
by system admins)
in usr directory there is also /bin and /sbin directory
any executable generally resides in /bin or /usr/bin directory
any executable that is a system utility generally resides on /sbin or /usr/sbin
directory
in your user home directory there will be files ending with tilda(~) sign
such as
.bash_profile~
they are the old configuration
the newer configuration files will be without tilda(~),in case the newer files
got messed up
creating an alias
cd /home/sourav
vi .bashrc
press i
type
alias rm='rm -i'
:wq to save the file
type
source .bashrc
to active the change immediately and try deleting something with rm
to add a custom application launcher
system-preference-more preference-menu layout
then click new item
write the name of the application and the command to initiate it
close it
then you will see the application in the application drop down menu bar
to install a rpm
rpm -ivh packagename.rpm
to uninstall a rpm
rpm -e packagename.rpm
to untar a tar file
tar xvf packagename.tar
install apache
yum install httpd
start apache server
/etc/init.d/httpd start
to restart
/etc/init.d/httpd restart
pwd
/home/sourav
ls
Desktop
(it's directory not file as it is in blue colour)
cd Desktop
ls
cd ..
to go one level up
(tab for command completion)
cat > a.txt
Hellow how are you?
ctrl + z
ls -a for showing files starting with .
in linux user home directories generally starts with .
man and info command shows info about commands
for example
man ls
press space for more(scroll down)
press b for scrol up
press q to quit
ls
a.txt
cp a.txt b.txt
ls
a.txt b.txt
up arrow for previous commands
move or
mv filename newfilename
to create directory use mkdir directory name
to delete directory use rmdir directory name
to delete a non-empty directory
rm -r directory name
ls -l for long listing
In info command you can search like to search in emacs editor
info ls
type ctrl + s
type long to search long word in the info document
ctrl + g to exit out of searching in the document
q to quit
ls -al combines 2 command
In man command you can search like to search in vi editor
type a slash(/)
and the prompt will change to / from :
type the search string such as long
now press n to find the next instance where the word "long" is present in the
man document
find any command contaning any particular word
example
man -k jpg
cd /
takes us to the toppest level directory
there type ls to know about linux directories
bin directory contains executable binary files
boot directory holds the files needed for booting
home is for users
opt directory is for optional softwares
root is root user's home directory
many people call the / directory the root directory
sbin directory holds executable binary files such as system tools(can be used
by system admins)
in usr directory there is also /bin and /sbin directory
any executable generally resides in /bin or /usr/bin directory
any executable that is a system utility generally resides on /sbin or /usr/sbin
directory
in your user home directory there will be files ending with tilda(~) sign
such as
.bash_profile~
they are the old configuration
the newer configuration files will be without tilda(~),in case the newer files
got messed up
creating an alias
cd /home/sourav
vi .bashrc
press i
type
alias rm='rm -i'
:wq to save the file
type
source .bashrc
to active the change immediately and try deleting something with rm
to add a custom application launcher
system-preference-more preference-menu layout
then click new item
write the name of the application and the command to initiate it
close it
then you will see the application in the application drop down menu bar
to install a rpm
rpm -ivh packagename.rpm
to uninstall a rpm
rpm -e packagename.rpm
to untar a tar file
tar xvf packagename.tar
install apache
yum install httpd
start apache server
/etc/init.d/httpd start
to restart
/etc/init.d/httpd restart
